Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a benign proliferative disorder affecting the synovium. In 1941, Jaffe assembled under the common term of pigmented villonodular synovitis dissimilar lesions described by different names, that issuch as giant
cell
tumors of synovial tendon sheaths, actual pigmented villonodular synovitis, and villonodular bursitis. Giant cell tumors of tendon sheaths, which may be localized, most often occurring in fingers, flexor tendons or interphalangeal joints, or
diffuse,
usually arising in the vicinity of large joints. Involvement of the temporomandibular joint is very rare. A 34-year-old man had a large left
preauricular (parotid) mass for two years that he had focal facial nerve paralysis,
temporal and zygomatic branches. The clinical appearance suggested a parotid tumor.
Surgical exploration revealed a tumor that was severely connected to the facial nerve involving the temporomandibular joint. Histologically, the resected specimen was a proliferative lesion composed of epithelioid histiocytes, spindle cells, and
multinucleated giant cells. The appearance was typical of the family of lesions that
includes pigmented villonodular synovitis, bursitis, and tenosynovitis .
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